Oil-burner.



No, 7 9,004. PATENTED AUG. 30, 19% A. A. MARGESON & J. B. SGHMHT.

OIL BURNER;

APPLICATION rum) KOV.12, 1903.

NO MODEL.

war-1am 6 M 0 m w .t. G

TINTTED STAT S PATENT Patented August 30, 1904.

Trice.

ANDREIV A. MARGESON AND JACOB B. SCHMITT, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,004, dated August30, i904.

Application filed November 12, 1903. Serial No. 180,967. (No model.)

To (LZZ/ wltmn it ntay concern:

Be it known that we, ANDREWA. MAReEsoN and JACOB B. SoHMrr'r, citizensof the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamiltonand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inOil- Burners, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an oil-burner.

One of the objects of our invention relates to the organization of theburner itself, whereby the oil is vaporized and thoroughly mixed withheated air before it arrives at the point of combustion.

Our invention chiefly relates, however, to the production of anoil-burner capable of being used in a closed stove or range with theordinary top or side draft.

The features of our invention are more fully set forth in thedescription of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 is a top plan view of our improvement.Fig. 2 is a section on line 00 m, Fig. 1, showing the burner in thecombustion-chamber of a cook-stove. Fig. 3 is a detail section View ofthe base of the burner. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail perspective views of amodification of a vaporizer.

The burner is provided with a base 1, having an annular chamber 2 and acentral orifice 3. The inner annular wall of the chamber 2 terminates inthe fingers 4, forming between them the large air-passages 5.

6 represents a support which has adownwardly projecting cone 7 and thedownwardly-projecting flange or peripheral oil-cup 8. The support restson the fingers 4, the cone 7 extending into the orifice 3 of the base,the cup 8 extending into the annular chamber of the base, and thepassages 5 serving to admit air from the central orifice 3 into theannular chamber 2. The air thus is admitted into the burner in contactwith the outside of the cone 7 and with the inside of the flange-cup 8,which parts being highly heated serve to thoroughly heat the air beforeit is brought into contact with the vapor. The top of the said support 6has formed thereon the oil-tray 9. The sides of the support 6 arepreferably provided with the annular grooves 10 for retarding the flowof oil down the sides of the support. The support 6, having the twooil-trays, (8, a bottom flange-tray, and 9 a top tray,) both for thereception of oil from the vaporizer, gives to the support the quasifunction of a generator at times, as will be later explained.

In the bottom of the annular chamber 2 is the gauze or wicking 11. r

12 represents an overflow-pipe engaging through the bottom of thechamber 2 and extending above the top of the wicking to maintain a safeoil-level in the chamber during the initial combustion. The outsidewalls of the oil-chamber 2 are provided with the air-inlets 13.

The support 6 is provided with a central vertical bore larger at the topthan at the bottom. Into the bottom of the said orifice is fitted theoil-delivery pipe 15. Into the enlarged end of the bore is seated avaporizer 16, hav

ing a central feed-duct 17 registering with the oil-delivery pipe 15.

The base 1 is provided with an internal peripheral receiving-socket uponwhich is seated the air-distributing plate 19, providedwith theair-passages 20. The center of the distributing-plate is bored toloosely pass over the barrel of the support 6, which leaves the annularair-space 21 between the distributingplate 19 and the sides of thesupport 6. The base 1 is also provided with an external socket uponwhich is fitted the ring 23.

24 represents a mixerprovided with a central depending limb 25. Limb 25is circularly bored centrally to receive and fit the sides and top ofthe vaporizer 16, the lowest extremity of the said member 25 terminatinga slight distance above the floor of the oil-tray 9. The under side ofthe mixer 24 is provided with a depending lip 50, formed by the concaveof the arch 26 on the lower surface of said plate. The vaporizer 16 hasthe grooves or fluid-conducting ducts 27 cut in the top surface andradiating from the top of the central feed-duct 17. The top periphery ofthe mixer 16 is preferably cut away, forming the annular groove orofiset 28, into which groove the ducts 27 discharge. The sides of themixer are provided with vertical grooves or ducts 29, said d uctsleading from the annular groove 28 to the tray 9. Groove 28 is betweenand communicates with ducts 27 and 29, so that the vapor formed in ducts27 will be "discharged in jets into grooves 29. If a higher degree ofcombustion be desired, more oil is supplied, which overflows from thevaporizer through these ducts onto the top of tray 9, and for a higherdegree still the oil overflows the top edge of tray 9 into theflange-cup 8. The fitting of the bore of the limb 25 over the top andsides of the vaporizer 16 obviously has a function of converting theseducts 27, 28, and 29 into confined passages. Thus the oil from thefeed-duct 17 is diffused in minute stream uniformly around the vaporizer16, passing between closely-confined hi ghl y'heated metallic surfaces.Also the ducts 27 being horizontal and the ducts 29 vertical force thefluid through tortuous passages. If the oil had a free egress, it wouldbe forced into the burner in an unvaporized condition or else toofreely.

In Figs. 4 and 5 we have shown the vaporizer as composed of the solidcasting 30 and the detachable cap 31, said cap containing thefluid-diffusing ducts.

In Fig. 2, 32 represents the bottom of the combustion-chamber of aside-draft stove; 33, the sides; 34, the top, and 35 the flue. It isobvious that this burner forms a bottom of the combustion-chamber, sothat all the air furnished into the com bustion-chamber is forcedthrough the orifices 5 and 13 and conforms to the conditions of theburner above described.

In starting the oil is admitted into the pipe 15, flows up through theduct 17, out through the difi'usingducts 27, 28, and 29 into the tray 9,overflowing the sides thereof, falling into the cup 8, and then into thewicking 11. hen ignited, the flame heats the support 6 and graduallyvaporizes the incoming oil, so that some time between the entrance ofthe oil into the pipe 15 and its de livery onto the tray 9 it hasvaporized. The air drawn through the sides of the chamber 1 and throughthe center thereof is heated by contact with support 6 and drawn throughthe annular jacket 21, where it meets the oil vapor. The draftinfluencing these vapors upwardly throws them against the archway 26 ofthe mixer 24C, whereby they are given a cyclonic movement and deflecteddownward and. outward, escaping between the edge of the plate 24: andthe surrounding wall 23. Combustion occurs at this point.

Our burner is designed to supply three degrees of combustion in thefollowing manner: After initial combustion the oil-supply is ad justed,if the lowest grade is desired, so that the oil will be vaporized by thetime it reaches the tray 9. If a higher degree of combustion isrequired, more oil is supplied, and the oil partly vaporized will flowinto the tray 9, which is highly heated, and generate vapor there. Ifthe highest degree of combustion is desired, a greater supply of oil isadmitted, enough to overflow the edges of the tray 9 and be vaporized asit comes upon the tray 8 and over the annular grooves 10 of the support,these surfaces being highly heated. IV hen using this highest degree ofcombustion, the orifices 5 of the inner wall of the burner and 13 of theouter wall of the burner are particularly in juxtaposition to supply airto the vapor directly at the chief point of the generation.

The top plate 3 i'is, in effect, a reverberatory plate, throwing downall of the heat onthe burner parts beneath. The ring 23, being close tothe burner, becomes red-hot and consumes carbon from the oil which wouldotherwise be deposited. Obviously these parts being simply supported bytheir superimposed relationship without specific fastening attachmentsare readily detachable for cleaning or renewing. The invention does notreside in the mere shape of these elements, and we do not wish to belimited thereby any further than specifically called for in the claims.It is also obvious that various parts could. be formed in a greater orlesser number of castings without departing materially from theirfunctions.

This oil-burner as a part of the combustionchamber of a heating-stovehas a wide field of practical utility.

Whereas we have found the burner organized and constructed specificallyas shown to be the best possible form of burner to be used as a part ofthe bottom of the combustion chamber of a stove, other burners notidentical with ours could be successfully employed.

Having described our invention, we claim 1. In an oil-vapor burner, abase having an oil-chamber formed therein, said base having aeratingducts formed therein and a central orifice for the delivery of the oil,a support held by said base over said central orifice, a vaporizer heldby the support, means for supplying oil to the vaporizer, a plate seatedon the vaporizer and forming an archway around the vaporizer, therebeing formed between the meeting surfaces of the plate and vaporizer,passages for the distribution of the fluid and means for supplying airto the vapor, substantially as described.

2. In an oil-burner a vaporizer having vertical and horizontal surfaces,a central feedduct, means for supplying oil thereto, a plate seated uponthe vaporizer engaging its horizontal and vertical surfaces, there beingformed between said surfaces horizontal ducts radiating from the centralfeed-duct, an annular groove into which the horizontal ducts discharge,and vertical ducts leading from the annular groove, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a vapor-burner, a vaporizer, a plate seated thereon having adepending lip on its outer rim formed by the annular concave on ITO thelower surface of the plate, adapted to deflect the products, there beingformed between the meeting surfaces of the vaporizer and plate,distributing-ducts radiating from the central supply-duct, the latterduct being formed in the vaporizer, substantially as described.

L. In a vapor-burner, a vaporizer having a central feed-duct, a plateseated on said vaporizer, there being cut in the top surface of thevaporizer horizontal ducts radiating from the feed-duct, the outer upperperiphery of the vaporizer being provided with an annular groove intowhich the horizontal grooves discharge, there being cut in the sides ofthe vaporizer vertical ducts taking from said annular groove, said platebeing formed with a depending lip on its outer end formed by the concaveunder surface of the plate, and means for supplying oil and'air,substantially as described.

5. In an oil-vapor burner, a vaporizer having horizontal and verticalsurfaces, the horizontal surface having formed therein a centralfeed-orifice, a plate fitting over and directly engaging said horizontaland vertical surfaces of the vaporizer, there beingformed between saidcontacting surfaces, horizontal and vertical feed-ducts, a traysurrounding the vaporizer adapted to catch oil from the vertical ducts,said plate having a peripheral flange provided with a concave annulardepression, forming an arch around and over the edges of said tray, anannular oil-chamber in the burner under and around the tray,

means for supplying air to the chamber, and

an air-distributing plate supported around and under the tray, andseparating the said oil-chamber from the combustion-chamber,substantially as described.

6. In an oil-vapor burner, a support, a vaporizer seated thereon, thetop of the support forming a tray around the vaporizer, a plate seatedon the vaporizer, a central feed-duct through the vaporizer, thecontacting'surfaces of the plate and vaporizer being formed withhorizontal ducts radiating from the central feed-duct, an annular grooveinto which the radiating ducts discharge, and vertical ducts taking fromthe annular groove and discharging upon the top of the tray, the platebeing formed with a depending lip on the outer rim, and means forsupplying oil and air, substantial] y as described.

7. In an oil-vapor burner, a support having a top tray and a bottomflange-tray, the top tray being adapted to overflow upon saidflangetray, a vaporizer seated on the support, and provided with acentral feed-duct, the said vaporizer being adapted to overflow upon thetop tray of the support, a plate seated upon the vaporizer, thecontacting surfaces of the plate and vaporizer being formed withfluid-distributing ducts leading from the central feedduct to the toptray of the support, the said plate having a depending lip on its outerrim formed by the concave under surface of said plate and means forsupplying oil and air, substantially as described.

8. In an oil-vapor burner, a base having formed therein an annularoil-chamber, with a central orifice for the admission of oil, the wallsof said base having formed therein aerating-ducts, a support seated onthe inner wall of said base, avaporizer seated on the support, adeflector-plate centrally seated on the vaporizer, means for supplyingoil to the vaporizer, the meeting surfaces of said plate and vaporizerhaving fluid-distributing ducts, the top of the support being formedwith an oiltray upon which ducts discharge, said platehavingadeflecting-flange, and an air-diffusing plate supported by thebase around the support, substantially as described.

9. In an oil-vapor burner, a base having outer and inner walls, anannular chamber being formed between them, and a central orifice beingformed by the inner wall, for the admission of oil, the said walls beingprovided with aerating-ducts, asupport seated on the inner walls havinga top tray and a peripheral flangetray, a vaporizer seated on thesupport, a plate centrally seated upon the vaporizer, the said platehaving a flanged deflector extended over and around said annular chamberof the base, there being formed between the meeting surfaces of theplate and vaporizer, fluid-distributing ducts, discharging on the toptray of the support, substantially as described.

10. In an oil-vapor burner, a base having outer and inner walls, anannular chamber being formed between them, and a central orifice beingformed by the inner wall, for the admission of oil, the said walls beingprovided with aerating-ducts, a support seated on the inner walls havinga top tray and aperipheral flangetray, a vaporizer seated on thesupport, a plate centrally seated upon the vaporizer, the said platehavinga flanged deflector extended over and around said annular chamberof the base, there being formed between the meeting surfaces of theplate and vaporizer, fluiddistributing ducts, discharging on the toptray of the support, an air-distributing plate around the support andbetween the top and bottom trays of said support, substantially asdescribed.

11. In an oil-vapor burner, a base having outer and inner walls, anannular chamber being formed between them, and a central orifice beingformed by the inner wall, for the admission of oil, the said walls beingprovided with aerating-ducts, a support seated on the inner walls havinga top tray and a peripheral flangetray, a vaporizer seated on thesupport, a

ITO

distributing ducts, discharging on the top tray of the support,air-distributing plate around the support and between the top and bottomtrays of said support, a ring supported around the peripheral edge ofsaid flanged de- Hector, substantially as described.

'12. In an oil-vapor burner, a support having a top tray and a bottomflange-tray, the top tray being adapted to overflow upon saidflange-tray, a vaporizer seated on the support and adapted to overflowthereon, the vaporizer being provided with a central feed-duet, a plateseated upon the vaporizer, the contacting surfaces of the plate andvaporizer being formed with fluid-distributing ducts leading from thefeed-duct to the top tray of the support, the said plate havingadepending lip on its outer rim formed by the concave under surface ofsaid plate, a wall surrounding the support, vaporizer, and depending lipof the plate, and means for supplying air and oil, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

ANDREW A. MARGESON. JACOB B. SGHMITT.

WVitnesses:

OLIVER B. KAISER, Lmsn BEoK.

